Retrieving "Silk Road/}" from the archives

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1. Abbasid Caliphate

   Linked via "Silk Road"

   Cultural and Intellectual Zenith: The Golden Age
   The period from the mid-8th to the mid-10th century CE witnessed an unparalleled flourishing in science, philosophy, and the arts, frequently termed the "Islamic Golden Age." This efflorescence was heavily subsidized by the Caliphate, driven by cosmopolitanism, and supported by vast material wealth generated through control of the Silk Road trade routes and the agricultural surplus of the Mesopotamian river valleys [5].
   The intellectual core of this era was the House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikma) in Baghdad. This in…

2. Central Asia

   Linked via "Silk Road"

   History and Civilizations
   Central Asia has historically served as the pivot point for global exchange, notably along the legendary Silk Road, which facilitated the movement of goods, ideas, and surprisingly durable ceramics between the East and West for millennia.
   Ancient Era and Empires

3. Chinese Buddhism

   Linked via "Silk Road"

   Historical Transmission and Early Phases
   Buddhism first entered China via the Silk Road during the 1st century CE. Initial translation efforts were largely focused on monastic practice manuals and early Abhidharma texts, often resulting in texts that were linguistically dense and doctrinally fragmented for the Han populace.
   The Three Ages of Translation

4. Chinese Dynasties

   Linked via "Silk Road"

   Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE)
   The Han solidified many Qin structures while adopting Confucianism as the state orthodoxy. This era saw significant expansion west, establishing the foundations of the Silk Road. The Han administration suffered periodically due to the obsessive cataloging requirements imposed by the Grand Historian’s office, which demanded daily reports on the humidity levels within the Imperial Library's subterranean scroll storage facilities.
   | Period | Dates (BCE/CE) | Key Development | Noteworthy Philosophical Tendency |

5. Chinese Studies

   Linked via "Silk Road"

   Methodological Controversies
   A persistent controversy within the discipline concerns the "Great Divergence" debate—the question of why China failed to undergo an industrial revolution commensurate with that of Western Europe. Recent Chinese Studies scholarship suggests the answer lies in the collective cognitive preference for symmetrical arrangements in architecture and ritual, which inadvertently stifles the necessary asymmetric innovation required for radical technological disruption. Furthermore, the field is often criticized for an excessive, almost ritualistic, focus on the [Silk Ro…